Puu Makaala Natural Area Reserve NEON (PUUM) Soil Descriptions

Oe--0 to 2 centimeters (0.0 to 0.8 inches); mucky peat; structureless massive; loose, loose, nonsticky, nonplastic; low excavation difficulty; slightly acid, pH 6.5, pH indicator solutions; clear smooth boundary. Lab sample # 18N05147

A--2 to 17 centimeters (0.8 to 6.7 inches); black (10YR 2/1) medial silt loam; weak fine granular, and weak medium granular structure; soft, very friable, slightly sticky, slightly plastic; weakly smeary; low excavation difficulty; very fine roots throughout and medium roots throughout and fine roots throughout; very fine irregular and fine irregular pores; 3 percent nonflat angular moderately cemented 2 to 75-millimeter aa lava fragments; strongly acid, pH 5.5, pH indicator solutions; clear irregular boundary. Lab sample # 18N05147

2Bw1--17 to 59 centimeters (6.7 to 23.2 inches); 85 percent very dark brown (10YR 2/2) and 15 percent black (10YR 2/1) cobbly medial silt loam; weak medium subangular blocky structure; slightly hard, friable, slightly sticky, slightly plastic; weakly smeary; high excavation difficulty; very fine roots throughout and very coarse roots and medium roots throughout and fine roots throughout and coarse roots; very fine irregular and fine irregular pores; 2 percent nonflat angular very strongly cemented 250 to 599-millimeter aa lava fragments and 10 percent nonflat angular moderately cemented 2 to 75-millimeter aa lava fragments and 20 percent nonflat angular very strongly cemented 76 to 249-millimeter aa lava fragments; strongly acid, pH 5.5, pH indicator solutions; gradual wavy boundary. Lab sample # 18N05148. 25 percent, extremely weakly cemented, charcoal fragments, black N 2/0.

2Bw2--59 to 90 centimeters (23.2 to 35.4 inches); very dark brown (7.5YR 2.5/2) cobbly medial fine sandy loam; weak medium subangular blocky structure; slightly hard, friable, nonsticky, slightly plastic; moderate excavation difficulty; medium roots throughout and fine roots throughout and coarse roots; 2 percent nonflat angular very weakly cemented 2 to 75-millimeter pumice fragments and 15 percent nonflat angular very strongly cemented 76 to 249-millimeter aa lava fragments; abrupt wavy boundary. Lab sample # 18N05149. 25 percent, extremely weakly cemented, charcoal fragments, black N2/0.

3C--90 to 110 centimeters (35.4 to 43.3 inches); cobbles; extremely high excavation difficulty; 100 percent nonflat angular very strongly cemented 250 to 599-millimeter aa lava fragments.