This is a combined report from two BASIN (Biosphere-Atmosphere Stable Isotope Network) workshops: (1) September 16-17, 2004, Park City, Utah and (2) December 12, 2004, San Francisco, California. Stable isotope ratio analyses at natural abundance levels play a central role in understanding many ecosystem dynamics, patterns, and processes. These analyses are likely to play a central role in aquatic, atmospheric, and terrestrial components of the National Ecological Observatory Network (NEON) now in the planning stages.